Since theology is the science of God, theology uses the scientific method. As we have seen, the scientific method begins with a problem or problems. In Christian theology some of these problems are: the origin of sin, the need for salvation, the necessity of the atonement. These problems of theology are usually explanatory problems asking for explanation of why certain facts or events have taken place. After the statement of the problem, the problem is then analyzed logically to determine what are the presuppositions of the problem and how the problem historically has been attempted to be solved. Most of the problems in theology have had solutions proposed in past and those past solutions are examined by that branch of theology called historical theology. Those previously proposed solutions must be analyzed to determined their adequacy to solve the problem and why those proposed solutions have not really solved the problem under consideration. Many of the problems of theology have persisted because of certain presuppositions that are philosophical and/or not Biblically true.
Then a hypothesis, a proposed solution, is formulated to solve the problem and the hypothesis is tested to verify the hypothesis. The Scriptural data provides the factual data for the verification of the explanatory hypotheses proposed to solve the theological problem. The logical consequences of the hypothesis must also be determined in order to verify or not the hypothesis.